Screen LibraryExotic properties of superfluid He /
This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of ferm...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | |
|---|---|
| Corporate Authors: | |
| Published: |
World Scientific Pub. Co.,
|
| Publisher Address: | Singapore ; River Edge, N.J. : |
| Publication Dates: | 1992. |
| Literature type: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Series: |
Series in modern condensed matter physics ;
vol. 1 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/1439#t=toc |
| Summary: |
This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology. |
| Carrier Form: | 1 online resource (xii,215pages) : illustrations. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (pages 211-215). |
| ISBN: | 9789814439558 (electronic bk.) |
| CLC: | O613.11 |
| Contents: | 1. Introduction -- 2. Broken symmetry in superfluid phases of [symbol]. 2.1. Symmetry G of the normal state of liquid [symbol] -- 2.2. Landau theory of superfluid transition in [symbol] -- 2.3. Classes of superfluids -- 2.4. Equilibrium order parameters for A- and B-phases of [symbol] -- 2.5. Degeneracy of equilibrium states -- 2.6. Manifold of degenerate states in [symbol] -- 2.7. Magnetic anisotropy in [symbol] -- 2.8. Liquid-crystal anisotropy in [symbol] -- 2.9. Manifold of degenerate states in [symbol] -- 2.10. Residual symmetry H of [symbol] -- 2.11. Residual symmetry H of [symbol] -- 2.12. Combined spin-orbital symmetry and relative spin-orbital anisotropy in [symbol] -- 3. Textures and supercurrents in superfluid phases of [symbol]. 3.1. Textures, gradient energy and rigidity -- 3.2. Why superfuids are superfluid -- 3.3. Superfluidity and response to a transverse gauge field -- 3.4. Nonpotential superflow in [symbol] -- 3.5. Perpetuum motion of the A-phase -- 3.6. Textural energy and supercurrent in [symbol] -- 3.7. Spin soliton in [symbol] -- 3.8. Order parameter textures -- 3.9. Coherence length and London limit -- 3.10. Disgyrations and vortex. London equations for the orbital texture -- 3.11. Disgyrations and vortex. Singularity in the degeneracy parameters -- 3.12. Radial disgyration. The hard core structure -- 3.13. Pure vortices. The hard core structure -- 3.14. A-B interface. Symmetry and structure -- 3.15. Symmetry of the A-B interface and boundary conditions -- 4. Bose excitations in superfluid phases of [symbol]. 4.1. Goldstone bosons in [symbol] -- 4.2. Soft modes dynamics and Lie algebra of group G: spin dynamics and [symbol] symmetry -- 4.3. Spin waves. Goldstone and quasi-Goldstone modes -- 4.4. Nuclear magnetic resonance in [symbol] -- 4.5. NMR on textures in [symbol] -- 4.6. Vacuum symmetry H and quantum numbers of Bose and Fermi excitations in [symbol] -- 4.7. Bosonic collective modes in [symbol] and irreducible representations of group H -- 4.8. Bosonic collective modes in [symbol] -- 4.9. Dynamics of the Goldstone fields in [symbol] -- 4.10. Superfluid hydrodynamics in [symbol] -- 4.11. Goldstone bosons in [symbol] -- 5. Fermi excitations in superfluid phases of [symbol]. 5.1. Bogoliubov-Nambu matrix for fermions in pair-correlated fermi systems -- 5.2. Quasiparticles in conventional superconductors -- 5.3. Representation for the gap function in [symbol] and the order parameter -- 5.4. Quasiparticle spectrum in [symbol] -- 5.5. Bogoliubov Hamiltonian for quasiparticles in [symbol] vs. Dirac Hamiltonian for electrons -- 5.6. Lorentz symmetry as combined symmetry, view from [symbol] -- 5.7. Breaking of the relative Lorentz symmetry -- 5.8. Gap nodes in the quasiparticle spectrum of [symbol] class of intermediate superfluids -- 5.9. Combined gauge symmetry and gap nodes -- 5.10. Stability of gap nodes in the A-phase. Evolution of Fermi points at A >B transition -- 5.11. Spectrum near the Fermi points and relativistic Massless particles -- 5.12. Left-handed and right-handed fermions near the Fermi points -- 5.13. Spin-orbit waves and W bosons -- 5.14. Mass of the W bosons is zero in the BCS theory of [symbol] -- 5.15. Hidden symmetry in the A-phase -- 5.16. Origin of the W boson mass in [symbol] -- 5.17. Gravitons in [symbol] -- 5.18. Cosomological term in the Einstein equations, view from [symbol] -- 6. Orbital dynamics and anomalies in quantum field theory. 6.1. Lie algebra of Poisson brackets for A-phase orbital dynamics -- 6.2. Anomaly cancellation as Lifshitz transition -- 6.3. The anomaly-free equations for orbital dynamics -- 6.4. Phase slippage through the dynamics of the orbital vector -- 6.5. Gap nodes contributions to the orbital dynamics -- 6.6. Anomaly in orbital dynamics and chiral anomaly -- 6.7. Spectrum of the chiral fermions in magnetic field -- 6.8. Anomalous branch and nonzero density of states in the [symbol] texture -- 6.9. Zero charge effect and nonanalyticity of the magnetic energy of the vacuum -- 6.10. Nonanalytic London energy of the [symbol] -- 6.11. Chiral anomaly and nonconservationn of the vacuum current -- 6.12. Dissipation in the orbital motion at zero temperature and pair creation in electric field in particle physics -- 6.13. Wess-Zumino action for the orbital dynamics -- 6.14. Internal angular momentum of the A-phase and the mass of photon -- 6.15. Pair creation by accelerated object and the Unruh effect -- 7. Topological objects in superfluid phases of [symbol]. 7.1. Quantum number and topological charge -- 7.2. Topological and symmetry classification schemes of textures -- 7.3. Half-quantum, vortex and combined invariance -- 7.4. Topological classification of the linear defects -- 7.5. Topology of linear defects in the A-phase -- 7.6. Unwinding of the singularity in the doubly quantized vortex -- 7.7. Parity breaking in the continuous vortex -- 7.8. Topology of the continuous textures. Second homotopy group -- 7.9. Topological phase transition |