Screen LibraryThinking and reasoning：an introduction to the psychology of reason, judgment and decision making
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| Main Authors: | |
|---|---|
| Published: |
Psychology Press,
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| Publisher Address: | Hove, East Sussex New York |
| Publication Dates: | 2012. |
| Literature type: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Subjects: | |
| Carrier Form: | xiv, 314 p.: ; 25 cm. |
| ISBN: |
9781841697406 (hardback) 1841697400 (hardback) 9781841697413 (pbk) 1841697419 (pbk) 9780415000000 (ebk) 0415000009 (ebk) |
| Index Number: | B842 |
| CLC: | B842.5 |
| Call Number: | B842.5/M278 |
| Contents: |
Includes bibliographical references and index. Contents note continued: Reasoning With Or: Disjunctives -- Research results -- Wason's THOG problem -- Summary -- 4.Reasoning and meaning -- Facilitation: The Study Of Content Effects -- Deontic Reasoning: Thinking About Rules -- Pragmatic reasoning schemas -- Evolutionary approaches to deontic reasoning -- Decision-theoretic approaches -- Causal Reasoning: Thinking About How The World Works -- Causal reasoning about general events -- The covariational approach to causal thinking -- Prior knowledge and causal models -- Causal models theory -- Single Cases And Counterfactual Thinking -- Summary -- 5.Explaining reasoning: the classic approaches -- Mental Logic -- Braine and O'Brien's theory of If -- Rips' Psycop theory -- The Theory Of Mental Models -- Mental models and conditionals -- The selection task -- Content and context -- Illusory inferences -- Causal and counterfactual reasoning -- Summary -- 6.Explaining reasoning: the `new paradigm' -- Contents note continued: Oaksford And Chater's Bayesian Theory -- Rational analysis -- Matching bias -- The deontic selection task -- Conditional inference -- Evans And Over's Suppositional Theory -- The Dual Process Theory -- Dual processes in the selection task -- Belief bias in syllogistic reasoning -- Heuristic and analytic processes -- Dual processes and dual systems -- Dual minds -- Summary -- 7.Hypothetical thinking: induction and testing -- Induction -- Induction and deduction -- Category-based induction -- Extensions and explanations -- Category-based induction without categories -- Abduction: finding explanations and causes -- Induction and deduction revisited -- Hypothesis Testing -- Wason's 2 4 6 task and its descendants -- Confirmation bias -- Better hypothesis testing -- Hypothesis testing in the wild -- Hypothetical Thinking Theory -- Summary -- 8.Decision making: preference and prospects -- Subjective Expected Utility -- Principles and problems -- Contents note continued: Complex Decisions -- Preference -- Different utilities -- Competing options -- Framing: the effects of description -- Prospect Theory: A Descriptive Theory Of Decision Making -- Mental accounting -- Summary -- 9.Decisions in context -- Paradoxes Of Choice -- Too much of a good thing? -- Decision Dilemmas -- Personal dilemmas -- Social dilemmas -- Deciding Without Thinking -- Priming -- Deciding through feeling -- Fast and frugal decision processes -- Intuition and expertise -- Summary -- 10.Thinking, reasoning and you -- Rationality -- Bounded rationality -- Satisficing -- Dual rationality -- Dual rationality and dilemmas -- Rationality And Personality -- Individual differences and their implications -- Dysrationalia -- Delusional thinking: extreme irrationality -- Thinking, Reasoning And Culture -- Western and Eastern thinking -- The roots of cultural influence -- Culture and thought and the dual process theory -- Summary. "Drawing upon research originally cited in Ken Manktelow's highly successful publication Reasoning and Thinking, this completely rewritten textbook reflects on the revolutionary changes that have occurred in the field in recent years, stemming from the huge expansion in research output, as well as new methods and explanations, and the appearance of numerous books on the subject aimed at the popular market. The area of psychological research reviewed in this book is one that is not only increasing in popularity in college curricula, but is also making an ever larger impact on the world outside the classroom. The main areas covered are probability judgement, deductive and inductive reasoning, decision making, hypothetical thinking and rationality. In each case, the material is almost entirely new, with topics such as the new paradigm in reasoning research, causal reasoning and counterfactual thinking appearing for the first time. The book also presents an extended treatment of decision making research, and contains a chapter on individual and cultural influences on thinking. Thinking and Reasoning provides a detailed, integrated and approachable treatment of this area of cognitive psychology, and is ideal reading for intermediate and advanced undergraduate students; indeed, for anyone interested in how we draw conclusions and make choices"-- |