Screen LibraryStructure and properties of atomic nanoclusters /
Atomic clusters are aggregates of atoms containing a few to several thousand atoms. Due to the small size of these pieces of matter, the properties of atomic clusters in general are different from those of the corresponding material in the macroscopic bulk phase. This monograph presents the main dev...
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| Main Authors: | |
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| Corporate Authors: | |
| Published: |
Imperial College Press ; Distributed by World Scientific Pub. Co.,
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| Publisher Address: | London : Singapore : |
| Publication Dates: | 2012. |
| Literature type: | eBook |
| Language: | English |
| Edition: | Second edition. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/P784#t=toc |
| Summary: |
Atomic clusters are aggregates of atoms containing a few to several thousand atoms. Due to the small size of these pieces of matter, the properties of atomic clusters in general are different from those of the corresponding material in the macroscopic bulk phase. This monograph presents the main developments of atomic clusters and the current status of the field. The book treats different types of clusters with very different properties : clusters in which the atoms or molecules are tied by weak van der Waals interactions, metallic clusters, clusters of ionic materials, and network clusters made of typical covalent elements. It includes methods of experimental cluster synthesis as well as the structural, electronic, thermodynamic and magnetic properties of clusters, covering both experiments and the theoretical work that has led to our present understanding of the different properties of clusters. The question of assembling nanoclusters to form solids with new properties is also considered. Having an adequate knowledge of the properties of clusters can be of great help to any scientist working with objects of nanometric size. On the other hand, nanoclusters are themselves potentially important in fields like catalysis and nanomedicine. |
| Carrier Form: | 1 online resource (xvi,475pages) : illustrations (some color) |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references and index. |
| ISBN: | 9781848167346 (electronic bk.) |
| CLC: | O562 |
| Contents: | 1. Introduction to clusters. 1.1. The field of clusters. 1.2 Types of clusters -- 2. Experimental production of clusters. 2.1. Formation of clusters in matrices. 2.2. Liquid metal ion source. 2.3. Ion bombardment. 2.4. Supersonic nozzle sources. 2.5. Mass analysis -- 3. Van der Waals clusters. 3.1. Structure of Van der Waals clusters. 3.2. Transition to the bulk. 3.3. Thermal properties. 3.4. Electronic effects. 3.5. Clusters of SF[symbol] and CO[symbol] molecules. 3.6. Helium clusters. 3.7. Hydrogen clusters. 3.8. Interaction with ultrafast laser pulses -- 4. Electronic and atomic shells in metal clusters. 4.1. Experimental observation of electronic shells. 4.2. Spherical well model of metallic clusters. 4.3. Electronic shell effects in large clusters. 4.4. Spheroidal deformations of the cluster shape. 4.5. A full description of the cluster structure. 4.6. Shells of atoms. 4.7. Approximate treatment of the geometrical structure. 4.8. Clusters of the aluminum group. 4.9. Determination of structures in mobility experiments -- 5. Electronic and optical properties of simple metal clusters. 5.1. Ionization potential and electron affinity. 5.2. Odd-even effects. 5.3. Temperature dependence of the ionization potential. 5.4. Chemical reactivity. 5.5. Mass spectrum obtained at near-threshold ionization energies. 5.6. Response to a static electric field. 5.7. Dynamical response -- 6. Melting and fragmentation of metal clusters. 6.1. Melting transition. 6.2. Computer simulation of melting. 6.3. Melting of aluminum and gallium clusters. 6.4. Clusters with abnormally high melting temperature. 6.5. Optical properties and melting. 6.6. Fragmentation of multiply charged clusters. 6.7. Optical response along the fission path. 6.8. From fission to fragmentation to Coulomb explosion. 6.9. Caloric curves of fragmenting clusters -- 7. Bimetallic clusters. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Alloying effects in alkali metal clusters. 7.3. Collective electronic excitations. 7.4. Divalent and monovalent impurities in alkali metal clusters. 7.5. Higher valence impurities. 7.6. Impurities in aluminum clusters -- 8. Clusters of the transition metals. 8.1. Noble metal clusters. 8.2. General bonding properties in clusters of transition metals. 8.3. Electronic and atomic structure. 8.4. Thermionic emission from refractory metal clusters. 8.5. Nonmetal to metal transition. 8.6. Atomic shell effects. 8.7. Gold clusters with impurities. 8.8. Doubly charged clusters -- 9. Magnetism. 9.1. Some basic concepts. 9.2. Size dependence of the magnetic moments. 9.3. Magnetic shell models. 9.4. Temperature dependence of the magnetic moments. 9.5. Measurement and interpretation of the magnetic moments of nickel clusters. 9.6. Chromium and iron clusters. 9.7. Non-collinear magnetism. 9.8. Experiments and calculations for Mn clusters. 9.9. Magnetism in clusters of the 4d metals. 9.10. Effect of adsorbed molecules. 9.11. Determination of magnetic moments by combining -- 10. Clusters of ionic materials. 10.1. Nearly stoichiometric metal halide clusters. 10.2. Nonstoichiometric metal halide clusters. 10.3. Small neutral alkali halide clusters. 10.4. Structural transitions. 10.5. Alkaline-earth oxide clusters -- 11. Carbon clusters. 11.1. Carbon fullerenes. 11.2. Fullerene collisions. 11.3. Coating of fullerenes. 11.4. Optical properties of carbon clusters. 11.5. Metalcarbohedrenes. 11.6. Other metal-carbon clusters : from small clusters to nanocrystals. 11.7. Silicon clusters -- 12. Assembling of new materials from clusters. 12.1. General principles. 12.2. Crystalline compounds containing clusters. 12.3. Boron clusters in solids. 12.4. Assembling of C[symbol] fullerenes. 12.5. Simulations of the assembling of doped aluminum clusters to form clustered materials. |